Idaho Elk Mule Deer

Unit 18 (Hells Canyon Zone)

Idaho Hunting Guide — Elk, Mule Deer

Unit 18 lies in Adams and Idaho counties and covers about 282 square miles. Named ground inside it runs from 1,178 to 9,352 feet. Idaho Fish and Game publishes no per-unit elk success figure we can verify for this unit. Federal land covers about 77% of it. Check land status on a current map before you plan a route.

View Draw Odds Idaho Hunting Guide

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77%

Public Land

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2,795–7,202 ft

Sampled elevation

Build your own PDF hunt guide for Unit 18

Answer a few questions about your tag, your season and your rig, and the Field Intelligence Report builds a print-ready Idaho Unit 18 guide around your hunt: three ranked spots with morning, afternoon and evening plays, a day-by-day plan, topo maps with every pin numbered, a camp and access plan, the legal and retrieval rules for this unit, shot discipline, a meat-care and pack-out plan, and a pre-trip checklist. Every coordinate sits on land recorded as public.

Elk guide Mule Deer guide

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Elk Hunting in Unit 18

Where to Find Elk in Unit 18

Idaho Fish and Game's material on unit 18 stops at the boundary — there is no agency account of where its elk live. The country below is verified; where to begin in it is our judgement, not the agency's. The unit lies in Adams and Idaho counties. It runs to about 282 square miles.

How Idaho Fish and Game sets up elk hunting in unit 18

Idaho Fish and Game runs its general elk seasons by elk management zone rather than unit by unit, and puts unit 18 in the Hells Canyon Zone, so the zone's tag rules are the ones that apply here.

The lines of the unit: Little Salmon River, Rapid River and Shingle Creek

Idaho Fish and Game draws unit 18 in Adams and Idaho counties on a line that runs along Little Salmon River, Rapid River, Shingle Creek and Snake River, written out corner by corner in its unit boundary descriptions. Read it as a frame, not as a hint about animals. What it does give you is the way in: the rivers and highways you cross, and the divides that decide which drainage you end up in.

High ground inside the line: He Devil, Seven Devils Mountains and Twin Imps

Named high points inside the unit include He Devil at 9,352 feet, Seven Devils Mountains at 9,347 feet, Twin Imps at 8,966 feet, Heavens Gate at 8,412 feet and Carbonate Hill at 8,128 feet. Several carry a public-land flag in our data, which makes them the first places to try for a view. Elk want timber to bed in and open ground to feed on, within a short walk of each other.

Holding ground: Cow Creek Saddle, Saw Pit Saddle and Papoose Saddle

Below them sit Cow Creek Saddle at 5,238 feet, Saw Pit Saddle at 4,954 feet, Papoose Saddle at 4,864 feet, Pipe Saddle at 4,789 feet and McCalla Basin at 4,776 feet. That is the low country of the unit — the ground animals drop into when they are pushed or when the weather turns. Pick the one with the least road on its upwind side.

Water: Bull Springs, Logged Up Springs and Mud Springs

The water inside the unit line comes to 110 mapped stream reaches, 14 lakes, 40 stock tanks and 17 springs. Named sources include Bull Springs, Logged Up Springs, Mud Springs, Thomas Spring, Horner Springs and China Spring. Nothing in the data says which of them run in autumn, so a scouting trip earns its fuel.

Reading the land status

Our ownership read for this unit is approximate — it comes out as National Forest 60%, Private / Other 17%, BLM 15% and State Trust 8%, so treat it as a starting point and check a current land-status layer before you plan a route. Named ground inside unit 18 runs from 1,178 feet to 9,352 feet — more than 4,000 feet between the named features alone, so the season you draw decides which part of it you hunt.

Unit 18 terrain and land status

Measured from the unit boundary, not from the agency write-up

The lay of it

2,795–7,202 ft on a terrain sample , averaging 4,894 ft ; peaks can run higher. That spread means you can hunt two seasons in one day — plan clothing for both ends.
281.9 sq mi inside the boundary.

Who owns the ground

National Forest — 60%
BLM — 15%
State Trust — 8%
Private / Other — 17%

Roughly 83% is public. Carry a land-status layer anyway — these are area percentages, not a map of where the boundaries fall.

Water on the ground

40 tanks
17 springs
110 stream segments
14 lakes

Counts from mapping data, so this is how many exist, not how many hold water in a dry year. Sitting water only pays where you find fresh tracks.

Named features inside the unit

Glass from: He Devil (9,352 ft), Twin Imps (8,966 ft), Heavens Gate (8,412 ft), Carbonate Hill (8,128 ft)

Holding ground: Stevens Saddle (7,464 ft), The Narrows (7,341 ft), Bull Springs, Logged Up Springs, Mud Springs

Every one of these was tested against the unit polygon before it went on the map. They are starting points, not agency recommendations.

How to Hunt Elk in Unit 18

Idaho Fish and Game publishes no elk success figure for unit 18 that we can tie to this unit alone, so we won't quote one. The plan: find the feed, find the timber it backs onto, then watch the seam between them at the edges of the day.

The 2026 controlled hunts in unit 18

Idaho Fish and Game's 2026 rules list 4 controlled hunts for elk on unit 18 under its own number.

Hunt 2002 — antlered elk, 80 tags, Oct 1–Oct 24. Chronic Wasting Disease Transport Rules Apply
Hunt 2056 — antlerless elk, 150 tags, Oct 20–Nov 10. Chronic Wasting Disease Transport Rules Apply
Hunt 2121 — archery only elk, 40 tags, Aug 30–Sep 30. Antlered only, Chronic Wasting Disease Transport Rules Apply
Hunt 2179 — outfitter allocation elk, 7 tags, Oct 1–Oct 24. Antlered only, Chronic Wasting Disease Transport Rules Apply

Dates and tag numbers are IDFG's as printed for that season, and IDFG changes hunt areas between years, so check the current booklet before you apply.

Applying for a unit 18 tag

Idaho Fish and Game's first application period for deer, elk and pronghorn runs May 1 to June 5, with results in early July, and a second period runs August 5 to 15 for what is left. A hunter drawn for a limited antlered-only elk hunt sits out the next year's first period for that kind of hunt; unlimited and extra hunts are exempt. Two to four hunters may apply together for the same hunt. Idaho's draw is random, with no preference or bonus points to build.

Glassing from Freezeout Ridge, Devils Tooth and Bobcat Ridge

Take a position on one of Freezeout Ridge (7,908 ft), Devils Tooth (7,733 ft), Bobcat Ridge (7,656 ft) and Dry Diggins Ridge (7,632 ft) and be on it before light. Work the morning with the air falling away from you, then accept that by mid-morning the wind has reversed and the plan has to change with it. A tripod is worth more here than another hour of walking. On the rut hunts, September bugling works where you can get above a drainage and let the thermals carry sound downhill.

Water against feed

There are 110 mapped stream reaches and 40 tanks inside the unit, so water is rarely the limiting factor. Where water is everywhere, feed is what concentrates animals, so hunt the feed and treat water as a convenience. Check the ground around it before you commit an evening to it.

Timing the season: Sep, Oct, Nov

Season normals here run Sep 79/45°F, Oct 63/36°F and Nov 48/29°F. Warm afternoons compress the hunting into the first and last hour, and make meat care the day's real problem rather than the shot. Precipitation runs about 1.2 in. in Sep, 1.5 in. in Oct and 1.5 in. in Nov, and the graded gravel in this unit turns greasy wet.

Getting past the roads: US 95 and FR 420

US 95 is the paved frame, which is also where everyone else starts. FR 420, FR 517 and FR 517C need clearance, and that is usually where the boot tracks thin out. There is little true four-wheel-drive road here, so distance from the gravel is the only thing separating you from the next hunter.

Getting in and staying out: unit 18

Named routes and what they need

US 95 — 24 mi · Paved (all rigs)
FR 420 — 18.3 mi · High-clearance
FR 517 — 10.9 mi · High-clearance
CR 9337 — 7.7 mi · Graded gravel (2WD / small trailer)
CR 493 — 6.3 mi · Graded gravel (2WD / small trailer)
FR 517C — 1.6 mi · High-clearance

Ratings come from road data, not from a drive this season. Check current conditions with the managing office before you commit a trailer.

Nearest services

Grangeville — 34.7 mi · fuel, groceries, lodging
New Meadows — 35.9 mi · fuel, lodging
Cottonwood — 39.7 mi · fuel
McCall — 42.7 mi · fuel, groceries, lodging, gear
Ferdinand / palx̂óockin — 46.7 mi · no services listed

Developed camps

Unnamed camp site
Blackhawk
Iron Phone Junction Campgrond
Cat Gulch Campsite
Russel Bar Campsite

Season weather and signal

Jan40° / 24° · 1.4" precip
Aug89° / 52° · 0.7" precip
Sep79° / 45° · 1.2" precip
Oct63° / 36° · 1.5" precip
Nov48° / 29° · 1.5" precip
Dec39° / 24° · 1.6" precip

Best signal is Verizon at about 26% of the unit. Plan on being out of contact and tell someone your route.

Idaho rules that decide your day

Summarised from IDFG regulations. They change — read the current regulations and your permit-tag before you hunt.

Legal shooting hours

Big game may be taken from half an hour before sunrise to half an hour after sunset.

Motorized retrieval

Idaho has no general off-road retrieval allowance on federal ground; stay on designated routes.

Tagging

Validate the tag by cutting out the month and day, and attach it to the carcass before moving it.

Leaving meat

Wasting edible meat is illegal.

Where you may not shoot

Occupied structures — No shooting from or across a public highway, and no shooting toward an occupied dwelling.

Elk: where to put the shot

Broadside or quartering away, on the back edge of the front leg about a third of the way up the body. That is lungs, and on a quartering-away angle it picks up the far shoulder.

Shots to refuse

No straight-on and no straight-away shots. An elk's chest is deep and the margin is small.
Nothing standing behind or overlapping the animal you picked. A pass-through kills the elk behind it too.
Your maximum range is the farthest you have put three shots in a paper plate off the sticks you are actually carrying. Not the farthest you have ever hit anything.
Scope on 3–4x. A herd fills a 12x field of view and you lose the animal you picked.

Identification:On an antlerless tag, legal means no antler of any kind through the skin. A spike looks exactly like a cow until it turns its head. If you can't see the head, don't shoot.

Plan the carry: roughly 150– 220 lb of boned-out meat, before head and hide — two to four large coolers, plus bagged ice from town. ProHunt planning estimate, not an agency figure.

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Elk Success Rates

Rifle70%

Idaho Fish and Game's 2025 general-hunt harvest statistics carry no elk success figure for unit 18 with a hunter count behind it, so we leave the number out rather than print one we cannot read back to this unit. Idaho Fish and Game's hunt planner is the place to check before you apply.

Elk Draw Odds

Season	Tags	Applicants	Draw %	Pts (n/p)
Controlled — 1st Drawing either sex (resident)	72	613	12.0%	—
Controlled — 1st Drawing either sex (nonresident)	8	179	4.0%	—
Controlled — 2nd Drawing either sex (resident)	2	246	1.0%	—
Controlled — 2nd Drawing either sex (nonresident)	1	60	2.0%	—

Data from 2025 draw results. Each row is one residency pool — read the label before the number. This agency publishes no point thresholds, so the Pts column stays blank and these are pool odds, not what a point total draws.

Open in Draw Odds Engine

Idaho Fish and Game's 2025 first drawing for elk in unit 18, with residents and nonresidents kept apart because they draw from different tag pools:

Hunt 2002 — residents 613 applicants for 72 tags, 12% drawn; nonresidents 179 applicants for 8 tags, 4% drawn
Hunt 2121 — residents 230 applicants for 36 tags, 16% drawn; nonresidents 121 applicants for 4 tags, 3% drawn
Hunt 2056 — residents 203 applicants for 135 tags, 67% drawn; nonresidents 27 applicants for 15 tags, 56% drawn

Idaho draws at random with no point system, so these are what that year happened to look like, not a requirement to build toward. Idaho Fish and Game reuses hunt numbers for different areas between years, so the figures are matched on the area each hunt had in 2025. Checked against Idaho Fish and Game's hunt planner draw results on 2026-06-09.

Mule Deer Hunting in Unit 18

Unit 18 lies in Adams and Idaho counties and covers about 282 square miles. Named ground inside it runs from 1,178 to 9,352 feet. Idaho Fish and Game's harvest estimates put deer success here as high as 32%. Federal land covers about 77% of it. Check land status on a current map before you plan a route.

Where to Find Mule Deer in Unit 18

Idaho Fish and Game's material on unit 18 stops at the boundary — there is no agency account of where its mule deer live. So the ground below is the unit's own and the read on where to start is ours, labelled as such. The unit lies in Adams and Idaho counties. It runs to about 282 square miles.

How Idaho Fish and Game sets up mule deer hunting in unit 18

Idaho Fish and Game keeps a general deer season page for unit 18, and that page is where this year's dates and weapon rules live.

The lines of the unit: Little Salmon River, Rapid River and Shingle Creek

Idaho Fish and Game draws unit 18 in Adams and Idaho counties on a line that runs along Little Salmon River, Rapid River, Shingle Creek and Snake River, written out corner by corner in its unit boundary descriptions. That is a legal description, not a habitat map. Those features are what you will check against the map all week, and the divides among them are the ones that matter.

High ground inside the line: Potato Hill, Bald Mountain and Granite Mountain

Named high points inside the unit include Potato Hill at 8,116 feet, Bald Mountain at 8,046 feet, Granite Mountain at 7,998 feet, Freezeout Ridge at 7,908 feet and Devils Tooth at 7,733 feet. Several carry a public-land flag in our data, which makes them the first places to try for a view. Mule deer bed on broken ground with a view and feed on the brush below it.

Holding ground: Center Ridge Saddle, Bean Creek Saddle and Grave Creek Saddle

Below them sit Center Ridge Saddle at 4,701 feet, Bean Creek Saddle at 4,556 feet, Grave Creek Saddle at 4,472 feet, Soard Flat at 4,359 feet and Crooks Corral Basin at 4,290 feet. Those are the basins, parks and bottoms this unit has, and they are what you glass into from above. Pick the one with the least road on its upwind side.

Water: Joe Spring, Howard Spring and Clyde Spring

The water inside the unit line comes to 110 mapped stream reaches, 14 lakes, 40 stock tanks and 17 springs. Named sources include Joe Spring, Howard Spring, Clyde Spring, Barton Spring, Tony Seyfreid Spring and Rodger Spring. Nothing in the data says which of them run in autumn, so a scouting trip earns its fuel.

Reading the land status

Unit 18 terrain and land status

Measured from the unit boundary, not from the agency write-up

The lay of it

2,795–7,202 ft on a terrain sample , averaging 4,894 ft ; peaks can run higher. That spread means you can hunt two seasons in one day — plan clothing for both ends.
281.9 sq mi inside the boundary.

Who owns the ground

National Forest — 60%
BLM — 15%
State Trust — 8%
Private / Other — 17%

Roughly 83% is public. Carry a land-status layer anyway — these are area percentages, not a map of where the boundaries fall.

Water on the ground

40 tanks
17 springs
110 stream segments
14 lakes

Counts from mapping data, so this is how many exist, not how many hold water in a dry year. Sitting water only pays where you find fresh tracks.

Named features inside the unit

Glass from: He Devil (9,352 ft), Twin Imps (8,966 ft), Heavens Gate (8,412 ft), Carbonate Hill (8,128 ft)

Holding ground: Stevens Saddle (7,464 ft), The Narrows (7,341 ft), Bull Springs, Logged Up Springs, Mud Springs

Every one of these was tested against the unit polygon before it went on the map. They are starting points, not agency recommendations.

How to Hunt Mule Deer in Unit 18

Idaho Fish and Game's own harvest estimates put deer success in unit 18 at 32% across all manners of take. That is an ordinary spread for this country, and it rewards whoever scouted. The plan: glass the broken edges at first light, then sit still and keep glassing the same ground.

The 2026 controlled hunts in unit 18

Idaho Fish and Game's 2026 rules list 4 controlled hunts for mule deer on unit 18 under its own number.

Hunt 1009 — antlered deer, 100 tags, Oct 17–Nov 9. Chronic Wasting Disease Transport Rules Apply and Testing Required
Hunt 1010 — antlered deer, 25 tags, Nov 10–Nov 30. Chronic Wasting Disease Transport Rules Apply and Testing Required
Hunt 1153 — outfitter allocation deer, antlered deer only, 7 tags, Oct 17–Nov 9. Chronic Wasting Disease Transport Rules Apply and Testing Required
Hunt 1154 — outfitter allocation deer, antlered deer only, 2 tags, Nov 10–Nov 30. Chronic Wasting Disease Transport Rules Apply and Testing Required

Dates and tag numbers are IDFG's as printed for that season, and IDFG changes hunt areas between years, so check the current booklet before you apply.

Applying for a unit 18 tag

Idaho Fish and Game's first application period for deer, elk and pronghorn runs May 1 to June 5, with results in early July, and a second period runs August 5 to 15 for what is left. A hunter drawn for a limited antlered-only deer hunt sits out the next year's first period for that kind of hunt; unlimited and extra hunts are exempt. Two to four hunters may apply together for the same hunt. Idaho's draw is random, with no preference or bonus points to build.

Glassing from Morrison Ridge, Indian Trail Ridge and Cold Springs Mountains

Take a position on one of Morrison Ridge (7,116 ft), Indian Trail Ridge (6,978 ft), Cold Springs Mountains (6,914 ft) and Lightning Ridge (6,847 ft) and be on it before light. Cold air slides downhill in the dark, so keep your scent out of the bowl you mean to watch; expect the thermals to turn uphill an hour after the sun reaches the slope. Glass the edges first, then the shaded timber, then the edges again as the light goes. On the rut hunts, late-season hunts put bucks with doe groups and moving in daylight.

Water against feed

There are 110 mapped stream reaches and 40 tanks inside the unit, so water is rarely the limiting factor. Where water is everywhere, feed is what concentrates animals, so hunt the feed and treat water as a convenience. A tank with no tracks is a tank with no reason to sit on it.

Timing the season: Sep, Oct, Nov

What we can't tell you

Some of the ground named above carries no land-status flag we trust, so check ownership on a current layer before you hunt it.

Getting in and staying out: unit 18

Named routes and what they need

US 95 — 24 mi · Paved (all rigs)
FR 420 — 18.3 mi · High-clearance
FR 517 — 10.9 mi · High-clearance
CR 9337 — 7.7 mi · Graded gravel (2WD / small trailer)
CR 493 — 6.3 mi · Graded gravel (2WD / small trailer)
FR 517C — 1.6 mi · High-clearance

Ratings come from road data, not from a drive this season. Check current conditions with the managing office before you commit a trailer.

Nearest services

Grangeville — 34.7 mi · fuel, groceries, lodging
New Meadows — 35.9 mi · fuel, lodging
Cottonwood — 39.7 mi · fuel
McCall — 42.7 mi · fuel, groceries, lodging, gear
Ferdinand / palx̂óockin — 46.7 mi · no services listed

Developed camps

Unnamed camp site
Blackhawk
Iron Phone Junction Campgrond
Cat Gulch Campsite
Russel Bar Campsite

Season weather and signal

Jan40° / 24° · 1.4" precip
Aug89° / 52° · 0.7" precip
Sep79° / 45° · 1.2" precip
Oct63° / 36° · 1.5" precip
Nov48° / 29° · 1.5" precip
Dec39° / 24° · 1.6" precip

Best signal is Verizon at about 26% of the unit. Plan on being out of contact and tell someone your route.

Idaho rules that decide your day

Summarised from IDFG regulations. They change — read the current regulations and your permit-tag before you hunt.

Legal shooting hours

Big game may be taken from half an hour before sunrise to half an hour after sunset.

Motorized retrieval

Idaho has no general off-road retrieval allowance on federal ground; stay on designated routes.

Tagging

Validate the tag by cutting out the month and day, and attach it to the carcass before moving it.

Leaving meat

Wasting edible meat is illegal.

Where you may not shoot

Occupied structures — No shooting from or across a public highway, and no shooting toward an occupied dwelling.

Mule Deer: where to put the shot

Broadside or quartering away, on the back edge of the front leg about a third of the way up the body.

Shots to refuse

Nothing behind or overlapping the animal you picked.
Your maximum range is the farthest you have shot a three-shot group into a paper plate from the rest you are carrying.
Pass the shot you are talking yourself into.

Plan the carry: roughly 40– 120 lb of boned-out meat, before head and hide — two large coolers. ProHunt planning estimate, not an agency figure.

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Mule Deer Success Rates

Idaho Fish and Game's 2025 harvest estimates put deer success in unit 18 at 32% — 179 animals taken by 560 hunters. The hunter count is large enough for the percentage to mean something and small enough that a good or bad year still moves it. The figure is IDFG's result for deer in the unit, not for mule deer alone.

These are the agency's own printed figures for this unit, not a modelled estimate and not a state average. They describe one season, so check Idaho Fish and Game's current harvest estimates before you read a trend into them.

Mule Deer Draw Odds

Season	Tags	Applicants	Draw %	Pts (n/p)
Controlled — 1st Drawing either sex (resident)	90	290	31.0%	—
Controlled — 1st Drawing either sex (nonresident)	10	70	14.0%	—
Controlled — 2nd Drawing either sex (resident)	3	179	2.0%	—
Controlled — 2nd Drawing either sex (nonresident)	2	30	7.0%	—

Open in Draw Odds Engine

Idaho Fish and Game's 2025 first drawing for mule deer in unit 18, with residents and nonresidents kept apart because they draw from different tag pools:

Hunt 1009 — residents 290 applicants for 90 tags, 31% drawn; nonresidents 70 applicants for 10 tags, 14% drawn
Hunt 1010 — residents 174 applicants for 23 tags, 13% drawn; nonresidents 40 applicants for 2 tags, 5% drawn

Unit Logistics & Expectations

Planning Notes

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Camp Sites

28 developed campgrounds in or beside the unit, including Blackhawk, Iron Phone Junction Campgrond and Cat Gulch Campsite.

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Road Conditions

US 95, FR 420 and FR 517 are the named routes in the unit. Roughly 24 mi paved, 46 mi gravel and 0 mi four-wheel-drive.

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Terrain Difficulty

Named features from 1,178 to 9,352 ft. More than 4,000 feet between the named features alone, so plan the pack-out before the shot.

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Hunting Pressure

Our land-status read for this unit is approximate, so treat any pressure estimate from it with suspicion and check a current ownership layer.

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Weather

Season normals: Sep 79/45°F, 1.2 in.; Oct 63/36°F, 1.5 in.; Nov 48/29°F, 1.5 in..

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Cell Service

Verizon 26%, AT&T 17%, T-Mobile 9% of the unit area — modelled coverage, not measured. Assume no signal off the paved road.

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Nearest Town

Grangeville (35 mi), New Meadows (36 mi), Cottonwood (40 mi)

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Frequently Asked Questions

Where is Idaho unit 18?

Unit 18 lies in Adams and Idaho counties. Idaho Fish and Game draws unit 18 on a line that runs along Little Salmon River, Rapid River, Shingle Creek and Snake River, written out corner by corner in its unit boundary descriptions. It covers about 282 square miles.

What is the elk success rate in unit 18?

Idaho Fish and Game publishes no elk success figure we can tie to unit 18 on its own — the 2025 harvest tables either omit the unit or report it in a grouping we could not read back to it reliably. Rather than quote a statewide average as though it were measured here, we say so. Check Idaho Fish and Game's current harvest estimates before you apply.

Where do you stay and resupply for a unit 18 hunt?

The nearest services our logistics pipeline finds for unit 18 are at Grangeville, about 35 miles from the unit's centre, with New Meadows at about 36 miles. There are also 28 developed campgrounds in or beside the unit.

What is the mule deer success rate in unit 18?

Idaho Fish and Game's 2025 harvest estimates put deer success in unit 18 at 32% across all manners of take. Those are the agency's own figures for this unit, not a statewide average.

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Sources & Verification

Every fact on this page is tied to a primary source below. Last fact-checked 2026-10-24.

Idaho Big Game 2026 Seasons & Rules — Idaho Department of Fish and Game · supports: Game management unit boundary description, Counties the unit lies in, Controlled hunt numbers, tags and season dates · accessed 2026-10-24
IDFG Hunt Planner — controlled hunt drawing odds — Idaho Department of Fish and Game · supports: Applicants, tags and percent drawn by hunt, year and residency · accessed 2026-06-09
IDFG GameManagementUnits and ControlledHunts_All feature services — game management units and every species' controlled-hunt areas — Idaho Department of Fish and Game · supports: Mapped extent of the unit or hunt area, Which named ground falls inside its line · accessed 2026-10-24
IDFG general deer season page for unit 18 — Idaho Department of Fish and Game · supports: Season structure for the unit · accessed 2026-10-24
IDFG Hunt Planner — 2025 general hunt harvest statistics — Idaho Department of Fish and Game · supports: Harvest, hunters and percent success for deer in unit 18 · accessed 2026-10-19